Human body

General Information

• Hole’s Human Anatomy and Physiology Study Partner: Complete textbook (McGraw Hill)  with relevant news articles, links, animations, powerpoints, study guides, quizzes, and additional support resources. Registration is not required.
• The Virtual Body: Basic information about the body.
• Anatomy and Physiology Links from Prince George’s Community College:  Alex Imholtz, Associate Professor of Biology, Prince George’s Community College Homepage contains notes, diagrams, interactive games, and helpful links for Anatomy, Physiology, and Histology.
• Histology-World: Contains histology games, histology entertainment, and histology educational materials.
• Society for Developmental Biology Education Resources
• Histology Slides: Normal Histology, Utah University; MedPics UCSD; Histology Atlas, University of Wisconsin.

STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF ORGANS AND TISSUES INVOLVED IN

Digestion and Nutrition

• Digestive System: Overview of human digestive system.

Digestive Tract (Includes liver, gall bladder, and pancreas)

• Digestive System Anatomy: Powerpoint with in depth medical description and diagrams of the digestive system.
• The Digestive System: Comparison of invertebrate and vertebrate digestive system with diagrams and links.
• Gas in the Digestive System: Discussion of the role of foods in the health of the digestive system.
• Gastrointestinal Overview

GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY RESOURCE CENTER: DISEASES AND CONDITIONS

• Kimball Biology: The Human Gastrointestinal Tract: General discussion of the GI tract.
• Pancreas Function: Simple overview of the pancreas provided by The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Research Center, Johns Hopkins University.
• The Gall Bladder: Provides diagrams and description of function, diseases, and treatments related to the gall bladder.
• The Liver: Provides diagrams and description of function, diseases, and treatments related to the liver.
• The Pancreas: Provides diagrams and description of function, diseases, and treatments related to the pancreas.
• Your Digestive System and How It Works: NIH discussion of digestive process and its regulation.

MECHANICAL AND CHEMICAL BREAKDOWN OF FOOD

• Seer Training Model funded by the National Cancer Institute: Description and comparison of mechanical and chemical digestion.

ABSORPTION

• Biology Online: Digestion and Absorption of Food: In depth information on digestion, digestive organs, foods, and absorption of foods.

FOOD COMPONENTS (WATER, MINERALS, VITAMINS, PROTEINS, CARBOHYDRATES, AND FATS)

• Merck Manual: Carbohydrates, Proteins, and Fats Description of each group and nutrient value.
• Diets: Overview: Discussion of various diets, diet fads, and role of water, minerals, and the major nutrients in the diet.
• USDA: Major Nutrients Carbohydrates, Proteins, and Fats: Links and pdfs about major nutrients.
• Water: How Much Should You Drink Everyday? Mayo Clinic discusses the role water plays in a healthy diet in respect to how active you are and where you live.

Respiration

• The Science of Breathing: University of New Mexico: Description of breathing and forms of breathing..
• Mechanism of Breathing: Animation of breathing.

GAS EXCHANGE

• Human Respiration: Open course notes; includes photos, images, and diagrams.
• Images of Respiration: Please check before using as some are not copyright free.
• McGraw Hill Cellular Respiration Animation: Note: it takes a significant amount to download, but has an excellent animation.

RESPIRATORY ORGANS

• How Lungs Function YouTube.: Series of animations showing how the healthy lung functions and examples of the way lungs function with various health issues.
• Description and comparison of the respiratory organs in man and other vertebrates and invertebrates.

Circulation

• Bing Images on Circulation: Please check before using images, as some are not copyright free.
• Animal Circulatory Systems: Circulatory system descriptions for several animals.

BLOOD: BLOOD PLASMA, RED BLOOD CELLS, WHITE BLOOD CELLS, BLOOD PLATELETS

• Blood Components: Description of major components of blood.
• Blood: Basic description of components and information about blood donations with links and diagrams provided by American Red Cross.
• Platelets: Description of structure and function of platelets and associated disorders.

Circulation: ARTERIES, CAPILLARIES, VEINS, HEART

• Circulation and Gas Exchange: Powerpoint slides on vertebrate systems.
• Heart and Circulation: Description with animations of blood flow and vessels.
• How the Heart Works: National Heart and Lung Institute page on the heart.

LYMPHATIC

• Lymph System: Description and animations of the lymph system and tissues
• Lymphatic System and Immunity: Description of the lymph system in relation to immunity and disease
• Understanding the Lymphatic System: Description of the lymph system with links and diagrams
• Functions and Diseases of the Lymphatic Sytem: Description of the lymph system funtions, diseases, and facts.

TISSUE FLUID

• Lymph Fluid: Description of lymph fluid and anatomy with animations.

Excretion

STRUCTURE OF THE RENAL SYSTEM

• Insulin and glucose regulation: Understanding the processes behind the regulation of blood glucose.
• Kidneys and How They Work: NIH Basics on kidney function.
• Osmoregulation and Excretion summary
• Renal Function: Understanding how the kidney works.

URINE PRODUCTION

• The Formation of Urine: Detailed video of urine formation.
• The Mammalian Kidney: Animations and tutorials of urine production and kidney function.

Regulation (neural and hormonal)

Nervous System

General Information

• Nervous System: General Basic readings for an educated public.
• Biology Online: Nervous System: Tutorials on the nervous system.
• Nervous System: Description of the central nervous system, peripheral nervous system, divisions of the nervous system, and brain structures.
• Kimball: The Organization of the Nervous System: Tutorial and animations of the nervous system.

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

• What is the Peripheral Nervous System? Description of the peripheral nervous system.

Central Nervous System (CNS)

• General Information: Interactive 3-D Brain anatomy and functions.
• What is the Central Nervous System? General description of the centrral nervous system. General Information.
• Anatomy of the Spinal Cord and How It Works. YouTube description and animation of spinal cord anatomy and function.
• Brain: YouTube of the anatomy of the brain.

Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)

• General Information
• What is the Autonomic Nervous System? Description of the autonomic nervous system.
• Sympathetic
• Kimball’s Sympathetic Nervous System: Diagrams, descriptions, and animations of the sympathetic nervous system.
• Parasympathetic
• Kimball’s Parasympathetic Nervous System: Diagrams, descriptions, and animations of the sympathetic nervous system.

Reflexes

• Maintenance of Membrane Potential
• Resting Membrane Potential
• Action Potential: Harvard YouTube
• Synapse
• Paterllar Reflex: Arizona State University Powerpoint explaining the patellar reflex.
• Withdrawal

Sense organs

• General Information
  • Mechanoreceptors
  • Olfaction Basic overview of smell and taste
  • Taste Receptors Additional detail on taste for class preparation. Not required for the USABO student
• Eyes
  • Human Vision and Color Perception
  • Eye
  • Complex Optical Illusions
• Ears: Overview of anatomy and function of the ear.

Endocrine System

General Information

• Overview of each endocrine gland

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• Pituitary: YouTube overview of the pituitary gland and how it works.
• Pituitary Gland Adam: Animation of the function of the pituitary gland.
• Thyroid gland: NCBI detailed information on the thyroid gland anatomy, function, hormone actions, clinical cases and more.

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• Islets of Langerhans: Complete information on form, function, and related health issues.
• Adrenal medulla: Complete informatinon on form function, and related health issues.
• General Description of the adrenal glands: Explanation of glucocorticoids, which help you deal with long-term stress, and androgens, which influence male sexual characteristics secreted by the adrenal cortex.

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• Ovaries: Overview of ovary form and function.
• Testes: Overview of testes form and function.

Reproduction and Development

General Resources

• The Human Reproductive System: Overview of human reproduction.
• Elephant Reproductive System: Diagrams, images, and description of elephant male and female reproductive systems and birth.
• Trilobite Ontogeny: Overview of trilobite development.
• Marine Invertebrate Zoology: Reproduction and Development: Powerpoint of various forms of reproduction in marine invertebrates.

Structure and function of male and female reproductive systems

• National Cancer Institute SEER Training Module on Male Reproductive System: Provides thorough description of the male reproductive system to include diagrams.
• Avian Male Reproductive System University of Kentucky: Description and comparison of avian and mammalian male reproductive systems.
• National Cancer Institute SEER Training Module of Female Reproductive System: Provides thorough description of the female reproductive system to included diagrams.

Ovulation and menstrual cycle

• Ovulation and menstrual cycle: BBC Description and diagrams of the menstrual cycle and ovulation.

Fertilization

• Human Fertilization: Description of human fertilization.
• Vertebrate Fertilization and Development: Distinguishes among viviparity, oviparity, and ovoviviparity. Describes the advantages of internal fertilization.

Developmental Slides

• Development of Sea Urchins
• Development of Chickens
• Formation of Neural Tube (referenced in slides)
• Differentiation of Neural Tube (referenced in slides)
• The Neural Crest
• Gamete Fusion and the Prevention of Polyspermy
• Metamorphosis

Formation of ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm

• Embryonic Membranes: Germ Layers from The EmbryoProject Encyclopedia.
• Formation of Germ Layers: YouTube animation of germ layer formation.

Immunity

General Resources

• Introduction to Immunology: This problem set is designed to introduce basic concepts about the immune system.
• Basic introduction to ELISA: Introduction to ELISA activity to include animations, data sets, test problems.
• Introduction to viral structure: General description of virus structure and effects.

Antigens

• Antigens from Microbiology and Immunity Online: Full description of antigens.
• Antigens Presentation, Kimball Biology Online: Full description of antigens with animations and external links.

Antibodies

• Introduction to antibodies
• Antibodies: ThermoFisher Scientific: Full description of antibody classes, interactions, and general diagram of antibody.
• What Is an Antibody? Site includes animation and full descriptions of antibodies.

 

Source: https://www.usabo-trc.org/node/74.